![]() Collection EYE Film Institute Netherlands.įollowing the westward trend of the industry, by the end of 1912, the company was focusing its production efforts in the Hollywood area. ![]() Melodrama A Great Love (1916) by Clifford S. The new Universal studio was a vertically integrated company, with movie production, distribution, and exhibition venues all linked in the same corporate entity, the central element of the Studio system era. Eventually all would be bought out by Laemmle. The company was established on June 8, 1912, formed in a merger of Independent Moving Pictures (IMP), the Powers Motion Picture Company, Rex Motion Picture Manufacturing Company, Champion Film Company, Nestor Film Company, and the New York Motion Picture Company. Laemmle, who emerged as president in July 1912, was the primary figure in the partnership with Dintenfass, Baumann, Kessel, Powers, Swanson, Horsley, and Brulatour. The Universal Film Manufacturing Company was incorporated in New York City on April 30, 1912. ![]() In 1910, he promoted Florence Lawrence, formerly known as " The Biograph Girl", and actor King Baggot, in what may be the first instance of a studio using stars in its marketing. By naming the movie stars, he attracted many of the leading players of the time, contributing to the creation of the star system. Laemmle broke with Edison's custom of refusing to give billing and screen credits to performers. That company quickly evolved into the Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP), with studios in Fort Lee, New Jersey, where many early films in America's first motion picture industry were produced in the early 20th century. In June 1909, Laemmle started the Yankee Film Company with his brothers-in-law Abe Stern and Julius Stern. Soon, Laemmle and other disgruntled nickelodeon owners decided to avoid paying Edison by producing their own pictures. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Patents Company (or the "Edison Trust") meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons, and calculating the day's takings. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Mark Dintenfass (1872–1933), co-founder of Universal ![]() Universal Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association (MPA), and was one of the "Little Three" majors during Hollywood's golden age. In 1962, the studio was acquired by MCA, which was re-launched as NBCUniversal in 2004. Its studios are located in Universal City, California, and its corporate offices are located in New York City. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour, Universal is the oldest surviving film studio in the United States the world's fifth oldest after Gaumont, Pathé, Titanus, and Nordisk Film and the oldest member of Hollywood's "Big Five" studios in terms of the overall film market. ![]() Universal City Studios LLC or Universal Studios, doing business as Universal Pictures or simply Universal is an American film production and distribution company owned by NBCUniversal, which is a division of Comcast.įounded in 1912 by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. ![]()
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